Door, window, or like aperture-closing device.



No. 767,796. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1 9o4..

I e. A. GHADDOGK. DOOR, WINDOW, 0R LIKE APERTURE GLOSING DEVICE.

APPLIUATION FILED OUT. 26, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 4 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E O O i I O I I I l O- I I '0 O E E.

| v o' l I IO a 0' 1 v. I l O I l 10 L I Q n I I O 0 i v I Q/J o o Q I OO o R.. P O O L": A I j gasses J121115 IrMJ -L E No. 767,796. I IPATENTED AUG. 16, 1904.

I G. A. GHADDOGK.

DOOR, WINDOW, 0R LIKE APERTURE CLOSING DEVIGE.

1 APPLICATION FILED OUT. 26, 1903.

N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. l fifiLlEl 1 4 i O O e 1r 0 A RQ E 6 6 \L I e A U .t 11/ 6 Twat, O O XY N E s n Slum: 7

yfilTasse's, I .7; M i I No. 767,796. Q PATENTBD AUG. 16, 1904.

G. A. GHADDOGK. DOOR, WINDOW, 0R LIKE APBRTURE CLOSING DEVICE.

APPLIOATIO! TILED 001?. 20, 1903- v N0 MODEL; 6 BHEETS+BHEET 3.

' 3x 1115525 T I NM 'W No. 767,796. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. a. GHADDOOK.

DOOR, WINDOW, 0R LIKE APBRTURB CLOSING'DEVIGE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 26 1903.

N0 MODEL.

8 SHgETfl-SHEET 4.

Wxt asses. v I grjlur PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904.

' G. omnnoox.

, DOOR, WINDOW, OR LIKE APERTURE CLOSING DEVICE.

' APPLICATION FILED 0012a, 1903. no xonnn.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

FIG. 14

UXKZEIESSEE No. 767,796. PATENTED AUG. 16, 1904. G. A. OHAD'DOGK. Y

' DOOR, WINDOW, 0R LIKE APERTURE CLOSING DEVICE.

urmonxon lILE1J 00T .26 1903.

no MODEL. 7 sauna-sun s.

i WIliTEESES UNITED STATES Patented August 16, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

DOOR, wmoow. OR LIKE AYPERTURE-CLOSING DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 767,796, dated August16, 1904. Application filed October 26, I903. Serial No. 178,559- (Nomodeld T0 ail 11/71/0111, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE ALBERT CHAD- DOCK, master mariner, a subjectof the King of Great Britain, and a resident of Knotty Ash, Liverpool,in the county of Lancaster, England, (whose post-office address is 56Thomas Lane, Knotty Ash, Liverpool, aforesaid,) have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in or Connected with Doors, Windows, or LikeA perture-Closing Devices, (for which application has been made in GreatBritain, N 0. 23,564, dated October 28, 1902,) of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to doors, windows, and the like aperture-closingdevices of the kind in which the closing member or main portion of thedoor, window, or the like is constructed and mounted to have both arotary and vertical movement, a sliding portion or shutter being in somecases provided having a vertical movement only to close the remainingspace (if any) due to the vertical movement of the main portion.

According to the present invention I so mount the main portion orclosing member as to have no movement of rotation in its upward verticalmovement and to only partake of a rotary movement simultaneously withits downward movement-that is to say, I cause both the opening andclosing rotations or swinging movements to take place during thedownward movement of the closing member after it has been lifted, and Iam thus enabled to utilize the whole or part of the weight of saidmember to produce both the opening and closing movements of rotation.

I attain the object of my invention by providing a straight verticalguide or guides to retain the closing member against rotation in itsupward lift and helical or inclined guides communicating with saidupward guides at or near the top and bottom, which when the clos-- ingmember leaves or disengages from the upward guides after the upward liftare adapted to receive or engage the closing member and cause it torotate or swing as it descends. If

7 the closing member be designed to make a i complete rotation withinthe aperture about a central axis, it will make a complete halfturn inone complete descent, in which it will have fully opened and fullyclosed. After being lifted in the upward guides for another opening andclosing it will make a similar half-turn in the same direction on beingallowed to descend. here, however, the axis of rotation is located atone side or out of or inclined guides first obliquely downward in onedirection and then obliquelydownward in an opposite direction. The pointat which this change of direction of the guiding-track for the reversalof the swing is designed to take place may conveniently coincide withthe midway position of the downward movement of the door; but in somecases this may be varied, so as to utilize a larger portion of the totaldownward movement for the closing (or opening) than for the opening (orclosing) movement by making the oppositely-directed portions of thehelical or inclined guides of difierent pitches or gradients. The effectof the varying pitch aforesaid is to produce a slow downward movementwith a relatively quick opening swing, changing into a quick downwardmovement with a relatively slow closing swing, or vice versa. In anycase whether equal or different pitches be utilized one or more portionsof the track may be formed straight horizontally or vertically, and thetrack may be shaped so that the direction of swing is changed eithergradually or more or less abruptly, as required. In this way thedownward and swinging movements may be accelerated or checked or eithermovement be alone permitted or stopped at desired points, according tothe form given to the downward guides.

I will now describe as an example the construction of one form ofmechanism which I- i have designed for carrying out my invention asapplied to lmlkhead'doors, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings,in which---- Figure 1 is a front elevation, Fig. 2 a sectionalplan, and Fig. 3 a transverse vertical section, of a centrally-hung doorhaving the features of my invention. Fig. I is a detail View of oneplate of the shutter. Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan of the under part ofthe closing member. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view of the bottomcasing, showing the guiding device. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail viewsof part of the closing member and shutter. Fig. 10 is an enlargedsectional detail of the seating and guiding device. Fig. 11 is a detailview of the seating and lifting racks. Fig. 12 is an enlargement of partof Fig. 3 in section on line a: of Fig. 5, showing packing. Fig. 13isasection on line 1 1 of Fig. 5. Fig. 14L'is a front elevation, and Figs.15 to 19 details, of aside-hinged door. Fig. 14:is an enlarged sectionalside view of the stationary sleeve and its support.

I mount the closing member A, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, to be freely revolubleand vertically movable on or with a vertical shaft D, which ispreferably mounted in'the center of the width of the aperture, but mayin some cases be placed at either side or more or less to one side, asrequired, and as shown, for example, in Figs. 14: to 19. I provide theaforesaid straight upward guides and helical or inclined downward guidesfor the closing member A by forming, for instance, grooves Z: 92., Figs.6 and 10, in the outer face of a stationary sleeve K, within which theshaft D rotates and which may itself form a footstep for said shaft.These grooves 72 a are preferably arranged in pairs, of which one pairconsists of two straight vertical grooves h, Fig. 6, on opposite sidesforming an upward guide and the other pair of two helical or inclinedgrooves 11., arranged one diametrically opposite the other between thegrooves 7c of the upward guide and forming the downward guide. In thedrawings only one groove 92 of the downward guide can be seen, the othergroove being on the far side, but of exactly the same shape anddisposition. The downward guide a communicates with the upward guide K;at

. or near the top and bottom and may have its helical or inclined formvaried or reversed in direction at desired points or be otherwisevariously shaped, as before described, according to the nature of swingor rotation required to be imparted to the closing member. In theexample shown in the drawings the downward guide a has a form. On theclosing member A, I provide a collar or sleeve or similar annularfitting M, Fig. 3, to engage over the stationary sleeve K and havinginner projections m m, as shown in Fig. 5, to slide in theguiding-grooves Z: a of said inner stationary sleeve, as shown in Fig.10. In the closed position of the door, window, or

the like these projections 4n lie in the bottom of the straight groovesor upward guide l: and slide up same to prevent rotation of the closingmember A when it is lifted; but when the latter is allowed to descendthe said projections m, as shown in Fig. 10, pass out of the upwardguide 7 into the top of the shaped grooves forming the downward guide aand are constrained by the latter to take such a path as will cause theclosing member A to make an opening-and-closing swing as it descends.The member A will be fully open (at ninety degrees) when its projectionsm are half-way down the grooves a. At this point the reversed directionof the grooves n will cause the member A to swing back again while stilldescending until in the closed position the projections m again enterthe lower end of the upward guide In. It will be seen, therefore, thatthe closing member A not only swings open automatically after beinglifted, but tends to always return to the closed position. Means may,however, be provided for checking or retaining it in the open position,such means being adapted to be released when the door is required to beclosed, as will be hereinafter described.

The means for efiecting the upward lift of the closing member A must bedesigned to permit of the latter swinging about its vertical axis Dunder the action of the guides aforesaid when the member A descends. Forthis purpose I prefer to provide a seating in the form of a collar orother annular fitting L, Figs. 3, 10, and 11, mounted to slide on theaforesaid guiding stationary sleeve K, but below the aforesaid annularfitting M, provided on the closing member, these two fittings L Mpreferably having their opposing faces formed as a ball-race to receiveballs, as shown in Fig. 10, whereby the closing member A may freelyrotate, with its annular fitting M bearing on the'lower fitting orseating L. The lower fitting L is provided with inner projections Z,Fig. 11, to enter the upward guides of the stationary sleeve K below thecorresponding inward projections m of the upper fitting M, as shown inFig. 10, and is thereby held against rotation. It may be furtherretained against rotation by outer projections or extensions '9, Fig.11, designed to work in vertical slots or grooves it, formed in thewalls of a socket or recess which receives the stationary guiding-sleeveK and may form part of the sill E or bottom casing of the aperture to beclosed, as shown in Fig. 6. he said lifting-seat L may be actuated byany suitable means to raise and lower the closing member A for openingand closing, said means consisting, preferably, of lifting mechanismhaving a quick return in order to allow of the downward movement andcorresponding opening and closing movements of the closing member takingplace in a self-acting manner tending to normally close the door. Forthis pur- ICC.

pose I provide the outer projections or extensions g of the seatingLwith vertical racks N N, Figs. 11 and 12, preferably two, arrangeddiametrically one opposite the other, and provide pinions O 0, Figs.land 2 to gear with said racks N and with horizontally-slid ber A andlocated conveniently to hand in.

such a way that a pull on either lever S will by means of therack-and-pinion gearing lift the lower seating L, and therewith theclosing member A, which is guided by theupward guide Zr. Upon the pullon said lever S being relaxed, the seating L drops and the closingmember A, now guided by the downward guide a, descends and performs anopeningand-closing swing. Of course only one handlever S and its gearneed be provided if the door or window is not to be operated from bothsides.

The means for insuring that the inward projections m ofthe annularfitting M of the closing member A will pass out of the vertical guide ator near the top into the downward guide or maybe variously arranged. Forexample, the inner projections Z of the lower seating L, Fig. 11, whichare of such length as to always remain in the upward guide is, may havetheir upper ends extended and beveled somewhat to form an incline towardthe entrance to the downward guide, as shown in Fig. 11, in sucha waythat when the seating L is lifted the closing member A in being carriedupward therewith is supported ,not" directly on the seating, but bymeans of its inner projections m resting on the top of the aforesaidprojections Z of the seating L, as shown in Fig. 10, until when theupper end of the guide k is reached and the projections m on the closingmember A come opposite the communicating point with the downward guide71 they roll or slide off the top beveled edge of the lower projectionsZ into the clownward guide 12-, and the lower seating L, (orball-bearing, if such be provided,) which is preferably provided withcounterweights, as will be hereinafter described, now supports theclosing member A and is borne downby the weight of the latter. Further,I may provide engaging devices 0 9, Fig. 3, at the edges of the closingmember A and easing formed with inclined faces, so disposed, ,as shown,that at the completion of the upward lift these parts or faces 0 and pengage and impart a slight opening swing to the closing membersufficient to bring its inner projectionsm into the downward guide 12,and in such-case the aforesaid beveled formation of the upper ends ofthe projections Z of the lower seat L may or may not be dispensed with.In practice I prefer to useJthe, incline devices 0 72 without thebeveled formation of the projections Z. When reaching the bottom of thedownward guide a, the projections or drop naturally into the lower partof the upward guide 70, as shown in Fig. 12.

My invention enables the whole or part of the weight of the door,-window, or the like to be counterbalanced when desired. This is ofgreat advantage in the case of large or 'heavy structures, andparticularly in the case of bulkhead-doors of ships. For this purpose Imay provideany known mechanism; but preferably I providethe aforesaidpinions R, Fig. 1, which are operated by the hand pull or lever S, witha weighted arm or lever T, the weight of which is so selected andadjustably mounted on the arm as to act to assist the pull on saidhand-lever S to lift the cl'osing member A on the seating L andcounterbalance its weight in both the upward and downward movements tothe required extent. Usually I allow a small excess of weight in favorof the closing member A, just sufiicient to actuate the self-actingdownward and swinging movements of opening and closing hereinbeforedescribed. member A can be operated with great facility, and even incases of considerable weight the operation requires relatively smallexertion on the part of people operating the same. It will be seen thatin order to pass through the door a person has only to give an easy pullon the hand-lever S to lift the member A,

- and then the moment the lever S is released the member A will fall andswing open. In this position the member A is retained by hand as theperson walks through; but it immediately falls farther and closes againas soon as the hand is withdrawn from it.

Where it is desired to provide means for securing the closing member inany required open position. I may use locking or clamping devicesadapted to be readily released. In the case of bulkhead-doors, however,or other cases where it is desired to have a number of closing devicesunder the control of a central station to enable a number of suchclosing devices to be closed simultaneously such a form of locking meansfor retaining the member A -in the open position (at ninety degrees)must adapted (when the lever Uis turned) to engage In this way theclosing against a stud or projection 4) on the vertical shaft D, lyingwithin this hollow center, the

parts being solocated that in one position of the lever U its innerprojection a engages the projection o of the shaft I) when the closingmember A has swung open ninety degrees, (in which position it has onlydropped one-half &

its full downward movement,) and thus prevents the further closingrotation. When, however, the door is required to be closed, this may beeffected either locally by turning the lever U to bring its projection aclear of the projection v on the shaft 1), thus allowing the downwardclosing swing of the door to be completed, or by central control bygiving the vertical shaft D a partial rotation to turn its projection oaway from the projection a of the lever U, the vertical shaft D beingconnected by suitable shafting and gearing to the central station. Whenthe release has been effected by a partial rotation of the shaft D, themember A cannot be secured in the open position by any turning of thelever U until the shaft D has been again turned to bring its pin 4; backinto its stopping position, as before, which cannot be done by anyperson in the compartment closed by the member A, and the latter,therefore, while being free to open always closes in a self-actingmanner until the ofiiccr in charge of the central control permits thedoor to be locked open. Usually I prefer to connect the central-con trolshafting Y, Figs. 1 and 3, to the vertical shaft D by means ofworm-gearing X in order to insure that the vertical shaft D would beheld against rotation until operated from the central station.

The closing member A if mounted to swing about an axis located on eitherside may be made of such height relative to the aperture to be closedthat an open space is not left at either the upper or lower end by itsvertical movement. Usually, however, I prefer to allow for such a space0, Figs. 1 and 3, being left at the upper end for the purpose ofventilation, this space being closed by a vertically sliding shutter B,operated by means of a screw-thread on the vertical shaft 1). In theexample shown the shutter B consists of two plates arranged on each sideof the casing E, as shown in Fig. 3, held together by bolts in a centralblock F, and each plate may have a recess 6, Fig. 4:, in its inner faceto receive some packing material. The shutter B is guided at each end ingrooved guides G, Fig. 1, and the block F is internally threaded to actas a nut on the screw-thread of the shaft D to enable the latter tooperate the shutter B, as before stated.

When it is desired to insure a state of prepared security in anemergency, such as an anticipated inrush of water into a ship, theclosing actuation of the sliding shutter B is effected from the centralstation by the officer on the bridge, for example, causing the verticalshaft 1) to rotate, first, however, giving a partial rotation to saidshaft to release the locking-lever U and enable all the closing membersA to swing to the closed position if they were at the time in an openposition, and

then (either imi'nediately or after a suitable lapse of time has beenallowed for people to escape) imparting continual rotation to the shaftD to lower the shutter B and by mechanical pressure bind the wholeclosing device tightly all round. In the drawings I have shownwedge-shaped fastenings I on the edges of the member A to engage behindsimilar wedge-fastenings t' on the side casings E, as shown in Figs. 1,2, and 8, to force the member A with a wedging action against the casingE when it is pressed down by the shutter B. Figs. 5, 12, and 13 show howpacking zflmay be inserted to further insure a tight closing at thebottom.

To enable the sliding shutters or lifting and depressing devices and thelike to be actuated locally as well as centrally, I may provide thevertical shaft D of each closing member A at the upper or lower end withhand-gear H for rotating it; but in such cases the Worm-gearing X,whereby the vertical shafts D of the closing devices are geared to theshafting Y from the central station, is provided with a shipper-fork Z,Fig. 1, or clutch mechanism whereby it may be thrown out of geartemporarily with the central-station shafting Y during the localoperation. In this Way any one or more of the doors may be closedwithout closing all.

In practice the closing member A will not be allowed to drop fully intoits seating in the self-acting closure, but will be supported on aflange of the block F of the shutter to prevent a firm binding of thewhole structure each time it is closed normally Without mechanicalpressure of the shutter. This is shown in Figs. 3 and 12, in which thememher A is revolubly hung on the flange f of a sleeve extended from theblock F of the shutter B. In this position the lifting of the door bythe hand-lever S for the opening and closing movement is facilitated, asthe edges of the door do not bind in the fastenings I 2', which wouldotherwise make it difficult to open the joint at the bottom and sides.When, however, the shutter is lowered to bind all in a tight joint, theflange f lowers the closing member fully into its fastenings or jointingdevices, and the shutter or the like can press it home to make a tightjoint.

To enable the vertical shaft D to be mounted and dismounted readily, itmay be made in two parts, coupled together at (Z, Figs. 3 and 7, forinstance, by a squared end on one part entering a corresponding socketin the other part or in other manner, and the top of the closingmember Amay have a recess 9 at this part, Fig. 7, which is covered by aremovable piece J, Fig. 9, to afford access.

In the case of side-hinged doors or the like the shutter B is preferablydispensed with, and the flange f, before described, for suspending theclosing member A may be util- TOO ized as a central depressing devicewithout the disengage from the central depressing device for the openingswing. An example of such a side-hinged door with central suspending anddepressing device is shown in Figs. 14 to 19, in which 2, Fig. 17, is aforked plate on the closing member A to engage over the shoulder f, Fig.15, in the closed position of the door, Fig. 14, which swings on hinges13 and 14. The shoulder f may be carried by a nut or sleeve F, as beforedescribed with reference to Fig. 7; but preferably I mount the nut orsleeve F to revolve in bearings 3 and 4, Fig. 15, without verticalmovement and provide within it a threaded shaft 5, which carries theshoulder f for lifting and suspending or depressing the door A. Thesleeve F is rotated by bevel-gear 6 and shaft 7, operated by bevel-gear8 from the shaft D, Figs. 14 and 15. This rotation of the sleeve F movesvertically the threaded shaft 5, which is held against rotationforexample, by a pin 13 thereon engaging with either side of a spline 14,Fig. 17in the closed position of the door.' The bearing 4 is cut away at19, Fig. 18, to allow the spline 14 to enter. The door A is mounted on astationary sleeve K, which is bolted to a rigid bracket K, as shown inFig. 14", to act as before described and is opened by lifting it bymeans of the hand-operated lever S, pivoted at 9 Fig. 14, and connectedby links 10 or other device to the lifting-seat L. An upper hinge orbracket 12 of the door is formed integral with or connected to the upperseating M, which bears on the seating L, as before described. The actionis the same as that before described for the centrally-hung door exceptthat I have here shown the door without a counterbalancing mechanism,and it requires no further description. With side-hinged doors, however,it is necessary to have some means of forcing the door to swing into theclosed position (if held open by a list or some unusual circumstance)before it can be finally forced down into its fastenings by thedepressing device 5. For this purpose in the construction shown Iprovide a sleeve 15 on the shaft D, Fig. 16, which is held againstrotation thereon with limited vertical play by means of pins 16 on theshaft engaging through a slot in the sleeve 15. On the hinge 14 Iprovide a socket or projection 17 to engage over the sleeve 15 when thedoor is up and open. The projection 17 has an inclined upper end whichin said position engages below a pin 18 on the sleeve 15, and the latteris selected of such a weight aswill cause the pin 18 to bind on theinclined top of the projection 17 when the shaft D is rotated in such away that the shaft D, sleeve 15, and projection 17 must all turntogether, thereby starting the closing swing of the door A against anyundesired resistance. If, however, the door at this moment be stronglyheld against closing by any person desiring to pass through, this extraresistance will be such as to cause the pin 18 to no longer bind, but toslip up the inclined top of the projection 17 and ride over the latteras the sleeve 15 lifts. In this way the rotation of the shaft D will notforce the door to close upon a person passing through, as the pin 18slips oy'er the top of the projection 17 on each rotation of the shaft Duntil the person allows the door to close, whereupon the pin 18 willagain bind and force the door to close against any accidental resistanceweaker than the pull of a person should such be resisting itsself-acting closure. The weight of sleeve 15 and angle of the top ofprojection 17 may be varied to cause this compulsory closing of the doorto take effect against any given resistance, but to yield to any largerresistance, or if the pin 18 be mounted directly on the shaft D toengage the projection 17 the compulsory closing would act against anyresistance likely to be presented.

In counterbalancing the weight of the closing member in its verticalmovements I may use any suitable or known means, such as a forked leverengaging the lower seating L or other part at one end and carryingacounterweight at the other end. This device may be linked or connecteddirectly with the handlever S for the lifting operation instead of therack-and-pinion gear before described and will be preferable for doorsand the like which are hung at or near one side.

The joints at the sill or bottom of the closing member A and also, ifdesired, between the shutter B and top of said member A are preferablyformed with the grooved or recessed face on the upper part and therelated projecting edge to fit therein on the under part to avoid thegrooves or recesses being choked by matter dropping into them. Thedouble flange or walls a of the recess may be slotted, as shown at c,Fig. 5, to drop over large-headed or hooked studs 0 on the sill E, Figs.1, 6, and 13, and strengthen the locking effect in the fully-closedposition.

It will be readily understood that the operating and guiding devices maybe located at other positions than those described and that details ofconstruction may be modified as required to suit each case withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

I declare that what I claim is 1. In adoor, window, or likeaperture-closing device revolubl y mounted within the aperture on avertical axis with vertical play thereon, the combination with means forlifting said closing member and permitting it to descend, of means forguiding and retaining it in a plane parallel to that of the aperture inits upward movement, and means for guiding it into an opening andclosing swing about its vertical axis in its descending movement,substantially as described.

2. In a door, window, or like aperture-closin g device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play there-. on andof lesser height than the aperture, the combination with means forlifting said closing member and permitting it to descend, of means forguiding and retaining it in a plane parallel to that of the aperture inits upward movement, means for guiding it into an opening and closingswing about its vertical axis in its descending movement, a shuttermounted with vertical play at the head of the aperture, and means formoving said shutter vertically to open or close the space-remaining atthe top, substantially as described.

3. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the apertu re on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of a stationary sleeve located in said vertical axis andhaving upward and downward guides for the closing member, the upwardguide be ing straight vertically to retain the closing member in a planeparallel to that of the aperture in its upward movement and the downwardguide being shaped to direct the closing member into an opening andclosing swing about the vertical axis in its descending move ment,substantially as described.

4. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel tothat of the aperture in its upward movement, and means for guiding itinto an opening swing of ninety degrees about its vertical axis in apartial descent, and for guiding it into a closing return swing ofninety degrees in a further completing descent, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombi nation with means for lifting said closing member and permittingit to descend,

'of a stationary sleeve located in said vertical axis, said sleevehaving an upward guide Z: and a downward guide a on two opposite sides,and the closing member engaging with and guided by the guide I: in itsupward movement, and by the guide a in its downward movement,substantially as described for the purpose stated.

6. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubl y mountedwithin the apertu re on a vertical axis with Vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel tothat of the aperture in its upward movement, means for guiding it intoan opening and closing swing about its vertical axis in its downwardmovement, and means for imparting a slight opening swing on thecomplction of the upward lift to bring the member out of control of theupward -guiding means into control of the downward-guiding meanssubstantially as described.

7. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the apertu re on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of a stationary sleeve located in said vertical axis andhaving upwarq and downward guides, projections on the closing memberengaging with said guides, and projections with inclined faces at theedges of the closing member and its casing to one engage the other andimpart a slight opening swing to the closing member on completion of itsupward lift to bring its projections out of control of the upward guideinto control of the downward guide, substantially as described.

8. In a door, window, or the like apertureclosing device revolublymounted within the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical playthereon, the combination of a vertically-movable lifting-seat mountedconcentrically to said vertical axis, in position to engage and lift theclosing member, means for lifting said seat and therewith the closingmember, and permitting same to descend, means for guiding and retainingthe closing member in a plane parallel to that of the aperture in itsupward movement, and means for guiding it into an opening and closingswing about its vertical axis in its descendingmovement, substantiallyas described.

9. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a verticalaxis with vertical play there on, thecombination with the closing member of a stationary sleeve located insaid vertical axis, said sleeve having an upward guide k and a downwardguide a both on two opposite sides, an annular lifting-seat verticallymovable on said sleeve in position to engage and lift the closingmember, means for vertically moving said lifting-seat to lift theclosing member (or permit it to descend) and projections on the closingmember engaging said upward guide in the upward movement of the closingmember, and engaging said downward guide in the descendingmovement,substantially as and for the purpose stated.

10. In adoor, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting" said closing member and permittingit to descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallelto that of the aperture in its upward movement, means for guiding itinto an opening and closing swing" about its vertical axis in itsdescending movement, and means for more or less counterbalancing theweight of the closing member, substantially as described.

11. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination of lifting-seat L, sleeve K having an upward guide 72 and adownward guide a, an annular fitting M on the closing member havingprojections m to engage said upward and downward guides, projections Zon the seating L to engage the upward guide below the projections m,rack-arid-pinion gear adapted to be operated by hand to lift the seat L,and therewith the door and to permit same to descend, andcounterweighted means acting with a lifting tendency on the said seatingto more or less counterbalance the Weight of the closing member,substantially as described.

12. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on avertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination of means for lifting and suspending the closing memberwithin its fastenings, said means being adapted to depress said memberto produce a tight closing, means for further lifting said closingmember and permitting it to descend onto said suspending means, meansfor guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel to that of the aperturein its upward movement, and means for guiding it into an opening andclosingswing about its vertical axis in its descending movement,substantially as described.

13. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel tothat of the aperture in its upward movement, means for guiding it intoan opening swing about its vertical axis in a partial descent, and forguiding it into a closing return swing in a further completing descent,and means for retaining the closing member against said completingdescent to hold it in the swung-open position, said retaining meansbeing adapted to be released to permit the further completing descentfor the closing swing, substantially as described.

14. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel tothat of the aperture in its upward movement, means for guiding it intoan opening and closing swing about its vertical axis in its descendingmovement, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in said vertical axis, apin on said vertical shaft, a lever revolubly mounted on the closingmember and having an eccentric projection adapted to engage said pin andretain said closing member after the latter has mad 0 a partial descentinto a swung-open position, said lever being adapted to be turned tocarry its eccentric projection out of engagement with said pin to permita further completing descent for the closing swing, and means forturning said shaft to carry its pin out of engagement with saideccentric projection of the lever to render said retaining-leverinoperative as regards the selfacting closing movement of the closingmember substantially as described.

15. In a'door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination of a closing member having its vertical axis of swinglocated to one side, means for lifting and suspending said closingmember within its fastenings, said means being adapted to depress theclosing member, and a forked engaging piece on the closing memberengaging said suspending and depressing means in theclosing swing of themember an d disengaging in the opening swing, substantially asdescribed.

16. In a door, window or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination of a closing member hav- 1ng1ts vertical axis of swinglocated to one side, a vertical shaft located in said axis, a

sleeve mounted with limited vertical play on said shaft to turntherewith, a pin on said sleeve, and a socket or projection carried bythe closing member adapted to engage over said sleeve when the door isup and open, said projection having an incline at its upper end adaptedin said position to-engage below said pin on the sleeve, the sleevebeing selected of such a weight as will cause the pin to bind on saidincline when the shaft is rotated, and start the closing swing of thedoor against a given resistance, but to yield and ride over the inclinewhen the closing of the door meets a greater resistance, substantiallyasdescribed for the purpose stated.

17. In adoor, window, orlike aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, thecombination with means for lifting said closing member and permitting itto descend, of means for guiding and retaining it in a plane parallel tothat of the aperture in its upward movement, means for guiding it intoan opening swing about its vertical axis in a partial descent, and forguiding it into a closing return swing in a further completing de-'scent, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in the axis of swing, a pin'onsaid shaft, means adapted to engage said pin and retain the closingmember against said completing descent to hold it in the swung-openposition, a handlever on the closing member adapted to be turned todisengage said retaining means and permit the further completing descentfor the closing swing, a central-control shafting for rotating saidvertical shaft to carry its pin out member within its fastenings, saidmeans being adapted to depress said member to produce a tight closing,means for further lifting said closing member and pern'iitting it todescend onto said suspending means, means guiding and retaining it in aplane parallel to that of the aperture in its upward movement, means forguiding it into an opening swing about its vertical axis in a partialdescent, and for guiding it into a closing return swing in a furthercompleting descent, a pin on the vertical shaft, means adapted to engagesaid pin and retain the closing member against said completing descentto hold it in the swungopen position, a hand-lever on the closing memberadapted to be turned to disengage said retaining means and permit thefurther completing descent for the closing swing, a central-controlshafting for rotating the vertical shaft to carry its pin out ofposition to be engaged by said retaining means, and. render sameinoperative, means for throwing said shafting into and out of gear withthe vertical shaft, and means for rotating said vertical shaftindependently of said shafting, substantially as described.

19. In adoor, window, or like aperture-closing device revolubly mountedwithin the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, andof lesser height than the aperture, the combination of a vertical shaftrevolubly mounted in said axis, a shutter mounted with vertical play atthe head of the aperture, means carried by said shutter actuated by saidshaft to lift and suspend the closing member within its fastenings, saidmeans being adapted to carry said shutter with it vertically to open orclose the space remaining at the top and to depress said member toproduce a tight closing, means for further lifting said closing memberand permitting it to descend onto said suspending means, means forguiding and retaining it in a plane parallel-to that of the aperture inits upward movement, means for guiding it into an opening swing aboutits vertical axis in a partial descent, and for guiding it into aclosing return swing in a further completing descent, a pin on thevertical shaft, means adapted to engage said pin and retain the closingmember against said completing descent to hold it in the swung-openposition, a hand-lever on the closing member adapted to be turned todisengage said retaining means and permit the further completing descentfor the closing swing, a central-control shafting for rotating thevertical shaft to carry its pin out of position to be engaged by saidretaining means, and render same inoperative, means for throwing saidshafting into and out of gear with the vertical shaft, and means forrotating said vertical shaft independently of said shafting,substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 10th day ofOctober, 1903, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE ALBERT CHADDOCK.

\Vitnesses:

' HARRY MANLEY,

JOHN A. M ID'nLn'roN,

